Peritoneal Dialysis

Published with the inputs from Dr Midhun Ramesh, Nephrologist, Baby Memorial Hospitals-Kannur

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a treatment for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or kidney failure. Instead of using a machine like in hemodialysis, PD uses the lining of the abdomen (peritoneum) as a natural filter to remove waste products and excess fluids from the blood. It can be performed at home, offering patients more independence and flexibility.

What is peritoneal dialysis?

Peritoneal dialysis is a procedure in which a cleansing fluid (dialysate) is introduced into the abdominal cavity through a catheter. The peritoneum filters waste and extra fluids, and then the fluid is drained, completing the dialysis cycle.

How is peritoneal dialysis performed?

There are two main types:

• Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD): Done manually 3–4 times a day without a machine.
• Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD): A machine performs exchanges overnight while the patient sleeps.

What are the advantages of peritoneal dialysis?

• Can be done at home, offering greater flexibility
• No need for frequent hospital visits (unlike hemodialysis)
• Gentle and continuous, avoiding sudden fluid/electrolyte shifts
• Fewer dietary restrictions compared to hemodialysis
• Allows children and working adults to maintain a more normal lifestyle

Is peritoneal dialysis safe?

Yes. It is safe when patients are properly trained. The main risk is peritonitis (infection of the abdominal lining), but this can be prevented with strict hygiene practices.

How does peritoneal dialysis compare to hemodialysis?

• Peritoneal Dialysis: Done daily, at home, gentler on the body
• Hemodialysis: Usually done 2–3 times per week at a hospital or dialysis center

Both are effective; the choice depends on patient health, lifestyle, and medical advice.

What lifestyle changes are needed with peritoneal dialysis?

• Learning proper catheter care to prevent infection
• Following a kidney-friendly diet with controlled protein, salt, and fluid intake
• Regular monitoring of weight and blood pressure
• Attending scheduled follow-ups with the nephrology team

Who is a good candidate for peritoneal dialysis?

Patients with end-stage kidney disease who:

• Prefer home-based treatment
• Cannot tolerate hemodialysis
• Have supportive caregivers
• Are motivated and willing to learn self-care techniques

Connect with Our Experts Today

If you or a loved one is living with chronic kidney disease or kidney failure, the Nephrology & Dialysis Team at Baby Memorial Hospital (BMH) offers advanced peritoneal dialysis programs, including patient training, ongoing monitoring, and expert support for safe home-based dialysis.

👉 Book an Appointment Online or visit BMH to consult our nephrology specialists.