External Beam Radiation Therapy

Published with the inputs from Dr Dhanya K S, Radiation Oncologist, Baby Memorial Hospitals - Kozhikode

External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) is a non-invasive treatment that uses high-energy X-rays or gamma rays to target and destroy cancer cells. The radiation is delivered from outside the body using a machine called a linear accelerator. EBRT is commonly used for many cancers, either alone or in combination with surgery and chemotherapy.

What is external beam radiation therapy?

EBRT is a type of radiation treatment where a machine directs high-energy beams to a specific area of the body to kill or shrink cancer cells. It is painless and performed on an outpatient basis, meaning patients usually do not need to stay in the hospital.

What types of cancers are treated with EBRT?

EBRT is used to treat many cancers, including:

• Breast cancer
• Prostate cancer
• Lung cancer
• Head and neck cancers
• Brain tumors
• Gastrointestinal cancers

It may also be used to relieve symptoms such as pain, bleeding  caused by advanced cancer or metastatic disease

How is EBRT performed?

Before treatment begins, patients undergo simulation and planning scans (CT/MRI) to map the exact tumor location. During treatment:

• The patient lies on a treatment table
• The machine delivers precise beams to the tumor from different angles

Each session lasts 15–30 minutes and is usually given 5 days a week for several weeks

Is external beam radiation therapy painful?

No. The treatment itself is painless. Patients may hear the machine and need to remain still, but they do not feel the radiation. Side effects may occur gradually over the course of treatment. Side effects depends on the dose, fractions, and where we give the treatment.

What are the side effects of EBRT?

Side effects depend on the area treated and may include:

• Fatigue
• Skin irritation (redness, peeling, or darkening)
• Hair loss in the treated area

Most side effects are temporary and manageable with supportive care.

How effective is external beam radiation therapy?

EBRT is highly effective for many cancers, either as a curative treatment (to eliminate cancer) or palliative treatment (to relieve symptoms). Success depends on cancer type, stage, and the overall health of the patient.

What happens after EBRT is completed?

Patients will have regular follow-up visits to monitor response and manage any side effects. Imaging tests may be ordered to check tumor control. Long-term lifestyle changes, including good nutrition and exercise, help improve recovery.

Connect with Our Experts Today

If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with cancer, our Oncology & Radiation Therapy Team at Baby Memorial Hospitals offers advanced External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) with precision planning and supportive care.

📞 Call us or book an Appointment Online to learn more about radiation treatment options.