Headache and Migraine Management

Published with the inputs from Dr Sujith Ovallath, Senior Consultant, Neurology, Baby Memorial Hospitals- Kannur

Headaches and migraines are among the most common neurological problems. While many headaches are mild and short-lived, migraines are more severe, often recurring, and affect daily life. Effective management includes accurate diagnosis, trigger identification, lifestyle changes, and medical treatments tailored to each patient’s needs.

What causes headaches and migraines?

Headaches and migraines can be triggered by:

• Stress and lack of sleep
• Hormonal changes
• Certain foods or drinks (caffeine, alcohol, processed foods)
• Dehydration
• Bright lights or strong odors
• Weather changes
• Underlying health conditions (like sinusitis, high blood pressure, or eye strain)

How are migraines diagnosed?

Diagnosis is based on medical history, symptom patterns, and neurological examination. In some cases, imaging tests (MRI, CT scan) may be done to rule out other causes of severe headaches.

How are headaches and migraines treated?

Treatment depends on the type and severity:

• Medications: Pain relievers, triptans, anti-nausea drugs, preventive medicines (beta-blockers, anticonvulsants, antidepressants)
• Lifestyle changes: Regular sleep, hydration, stress management, healthy diet
• Trigger management: Keeping a headache diary to identify and avoid personal triggers
• Advanced therapies: Botox injections, nerve blocks, and newer CGRP-inhibitor medications for chronic migraines

Can migraines be prevented?

Yes. Preventive strategies include:

• Following a regular sleep and meal schedule
• Managing stress with relaxation techniques (yoga, meditation, breathing exercises)
• Staying hydrated and avoiding trigger foods
• Taking prescribed preventive medications if attacks are frequent
• Regular physical activity with low-impact exercise

When should I see a doctor for headaches?

Seek medical help if you experience:

• Severe, sudden headaches (“thunderclap headache”)
• Headaches that worsen over time
• Headaches with vision changes, weakness, or confusion
• Frequent migraines disrupt daily life
• Headaches after head injury

What is the long-term outlook for migraine patients?

Migraines are usually lifelong but manageable. With the right combination of lifestyle changes, medications, and preventive care, many patients significantly reduce attack frequency and improve quality of life.

Call to Action

If you suffer from chronic headaches or migraines, our Neurology & Headache Specialists provide comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment plans for long-term relief.

📞 Call us or book an Appointment Online to take control of your headaches.